Laboratory and field research trials conducted within both the United States and Canada to determine efficacy for control of ground squirrels (Spermophilus sp.) showed 100% efficacy in the laboratory and 94 to 98% efficacy when used according to the label directions in the field.

Other Rodent Species, including Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) have been tested in laboratory and field efficacy trials. Lab tests trials showed 100% efficacy on Norway Rats, while preliminary field trials produced promising results. A full research trial required for PMRA and EPA approval will soon be undertaken. At this time EXIT is not registered for control of Norway Rats.

EXIT may be applied at any time and does not depend on the feeding patterns of the target species to be effective. Application can be made in early spring prior to emergence, throughout the summer when the animals are active or in late fall after the rodents begin to hibernate. Burrows must be examined and found free of threatened or endangered species prior to using EXIT.

EXIT is biodegradable, environmentally friendly and essentially non-toxic. It is safe to handle and easy to apply when used according to instructions. Treated animals die and remain in their burrows. Because the product has no systemic toxicity, there is no secondary poisoning risk to humans or other species.

EXIT is very site specific. Selected areas such as playing fields, grazing areas, parks, etc. can be targeted for treatment while wildland areas can be left as habitat for Richardson's Ground Squirrels. Periodic treatments will keep the selected areas free of target species.

EXIT Application. EXIT is a concentrated product to be applied in the field as follows:

(a) Prior to application, the concentrate is diluted 1 part EXIT concentrate to 24 parts water to form the field solution.

(b) Active burrow entrances are blocked with open-ended plastic marker cones to prevent escape of target animals.

(c) EXIT field solution is applied as a foam to individual burrows through an air-aspirating nozzle. The foam is applied
     through the marker cones.

(d) EXIT foam expands 3 to 4 times as it exits the nozzle and fills most burrows in 12 to 20 seconds.

Application Equipment consists of:

(a) Mixing tank

(b) 12-volt - 3.6 gpm Shur Flow pump

(c) Hose reel with 100 feet of ½ inch garden hose

(d) 3 gpm aspirating nozzle with a 12" to 16" extension tube

(e) 24 marker cones

EXIT Efficacy. All treated animals become unconscious due to anoxia within 1 - 2 minutes and death by asphyxiation occurs in approximately 3 minutes from the end of the application.